Landgravine Christine of Hesse-Rotenburg

Christine
Princess of Carignan
Spouse Louis Victor, Prince of Carignan
Issue
Victor Amadeo, Prince of Carignan
Leopoldina, Princess of Melfi
Marie Louise, Princess of Lamballe
Gabriella, Princess of Lobkowicz
Caterina, Princess of Paliano
Eugenio, Count of Villafranca
Full name
Italian: Cristina d'Assia-Rotenburg
German: Christine von Hessen-Rheinfels-Rotenburg
Father Ernest Leopold, Landgrave of Hesse-Rotenburg
Mother Eleonore of Löwenstein-Rochefort[1]
Born 21 November 1717(1717-11-21)
Schloss Rotenburg, Rotenburg
Died 1 September 1778(1778-09-01) (aged 60)
Palazzo Carignano, Turin, Italy
Burial 1786
Basilica of Superga, Italy

Christine of Hesse-Rheinfels-Rotenburg (Christine Henriette; 21 November 1717 – 1 September 1778) was a princess of the German dynasty of Hesse-Rheinfels-Rotenburg. She was the Princess of Carignan by marriage and mother of the princesse de Lamballe and of Victor Amadeus II, Prince of Carignan.

Contents

Biography

Christine Henriette was born in Rotenburg the youngest of the ten children of the Landgrave of Hesse-Rotenburg and his consort.[1] Her older sister Polyxena was married in 1730 to the future Charles Emmanuel III of Sardinia and had issue. Another sister, Caroline was the wife of the French Prime Minister, Louis Henri, Duke of Bourbon until her death in 1741.

After Polyxena's marriage, Christine became engaged. Her future husband was Louis Victor, Prince of Carignan the eldest surviving child of Victor Amadeus, Prince of Carignan and his wife Maria Vittoria Francesca of Savoy.[2] The Carignans were a cadet branch of the House of Savoy, Kings of Sardinia from 1720, and would inherit from them the kingship of Italy from 1861.

Christine married Louis Victor on 4 May 1740 at the age of 22. The next year her husband succeeded to the title Prince de Carignan, the seigneury of Carignan having belonged to the Savoys since 1418. The fact that it was part of Piedmont, only twenty kilometers south of Turin, meant that it could be a "princedom" for the cadet line in name only, being endowed neither with independence nor revenues of substance.[3]

Christine's second child, born at the Palazzo Carignano, was named Victor Amadeus and was the great-grandfather of the future Victor Emmanuel II of Italy. Her fifth daughter was her most famous; Louise, princesse de Lamballe, the tragic best friend of Marie Antoinette.

Christine died at the Palazzo Carignano in Turin on the night of August 31–1 September 1778, and was followed less than three months later by her husband. Buried firstly at Turin Cathedral, she was moved in 1835 to Turin's Basilica of Superga. At her death the Gazette de France published a small epitaph for her in honour of her daughter Madame de Lamballe:

Tuesday, the 31st of last month,[4] princesse Christine Henriette de Hesse Rheinfels, wife of Louis Victor Amédée de Savoie, Prince de Carignan, died in this city [Turin], after a lingering and painful illness. She was born the 24th November, 1717.[4]

Her present descendants include the rival pretenders to the Italian throne, Vittorio Emanuele, Prince of Naples[1] and Amedeo, 5th Duke of Aosta, as well as the Bonapartist pretender, Victor, Prince Napoléon.

Issue

Titles and styles

Ancestry

References and notes

  1. ^ a b c d e van de Pas, Leo. "Landgräfin Christine von Hessen-Rheinfels-Rotenburg". Genealogics .org. http://www.genealogics.org/getperson.php?personID=I00003907&tree=LEO. Retrieved 2010-03-01. 
  2. ^ She was the legitimatised daughter of King Victor Amadeus II of Sardinia and his mistress Jeanne Baptiste d'Albert de Luynes
  3. ^ "Carignano". Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition. 1911. http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Carignano. Retrieved 2008-03-31. 
  4. ^ a b Bertin, Georges. "Full text of Madame de Lamballe". Archive.org. http://www.archive.org/stream/cu31924024292504/cu31924024292504_djvu.txt. Retrieved 2009-11-26. 

See also